I can see “a few” tips I definitely need to check through sooner or later. Hopefully sooner. (Thanks Chris!)
When authoring a web site, keep in mind that the Googlebot is software, which means it has a set of capabilities and limitations and algorithms it uses to index content. There are lots of effective ways to trip up the Googlebot and make it impossible for it to index your content. Alternately, the Googlebot can index your site well, and then people will find it when searching for words it contains.
As a web site author, there are a few simple things you can do to help the Googlebot understand your web site as fully as possible.